Toothpicks are a common tool for removing food stuck between teeth, especially after meals. They’re inexpensive, easy to find, and seem harmless enough. But are toothpicks actually bad for your teeth and gums? The answer isn’t a simple yes or no; it depends on how often and how aggressively you use them. Understanding the risks can help you make smarter choices for your oral health.
Potential Risks of Using Toothpicks
One of the biggest concerns with toothpicks is gum injury. Wooden toothpicks are sharp and rigid, and using them too forcefully can puncture or irritate the gums. Repeated trauma may cause gum recession, exposing the tooth roots and increasing sensitivity. Over time, this can also create pockets where bacteria can accumulate, raising the risk of gum disease.
Toothpicks can also damage tooth enamel. Scraping a hard wooden point repeatedly against the enamel—especially near the gumline—can cause small scratches. These scratches make it easier for plaque and stains to stick, which may lead to decay or discoloration.
Another issue is that toothpicks often break. A splinter lodged in the gums can be painful and may lead to infection if not removed properly. In some cases, people don’t even realize a piece has broken off until swelling or discomfort appears.
When Toothpicks Might Be Helpful
Used gently and occasionally, toothpicks can help dislodge food stuck between teeth, particularly after eating fibrous foods like meat or vegetables. Plastic or silicone toothpicks are generally safer than wooden ones, as they’re more flexible and less likely to splinter or injure gums.
However, toothpicks should never replace proper oral hygiene. They are a temporary solution, not a substitute for brushing and flossing.
Better Alternatives for Cleaning Between Teeth
Dentists typically recommend floss as the safest and most effective way to clean between teeth. Floss removes plaque and food debris without damaging gums when used correctly. For people with braces, bridges, or wider gaps, interdental brushes or water flossers are excellent alternatives.
These tools are specifically designed to clean between teeth while protecting delicate gum tissue, something toothpicks aren’t made to do.
Toothpicks aren’t necessarily bad if used sparingly and carefully, but frequent or aggressive use can harm your gums and enamel. If you regularly find food stuck between your teeth, it may be a sign that you need to improve your oral hygiene routine or see your dentist. Choosing dentist-approved tools will help keep your smile healthy, comfortable, and free from unnecessary damage.
About the Author
Dr. Andrew Hale earned his dental degree from Case Western Reserve University, followed by serving as an active duty dental officer in the USAF for 3 years. After his duty ended, he practiced in the El Paso area prior to moving to Vermont. He has taken more than 300 hours of continuing education courses during his career, including courses on dental implants, complex extractions, and digital dentistry, among others. Dr. Hale also stays current through his membership in the American Dental Association. If you’re experiencing a dental emergency, don’t hesitate – schedule your appointment online or call (802) 223-2244.