Facial pain can be more than just an inconvenience—it can be a sign that something serious is happening with your teeth, gums, or jaw. While some discomfort might stem from mild issues like sinus pressure or grinding your teeth, other times, it could indicate a dental emergency that requires immediate attention. Ignoring these warning signs can lead to worsening pain, infection, or even permanent damage.
Here are 5 dental emergencies that commonly cause facial pain and why it’s important to seek prompt care if you experience them.
1. Tooth Abscess or Infection
A tooth abscess is one of the most painful dental emergencies and a leading cause of facial swelling and pain. It occurs when bacteria infect the inner pulp of a tooth, leading to pus buildup and pressure.
Symptoms often include:
- Throbbing toothache that radiates to the jaw, ear, or face.
- Swelling of the cheek or jaw.
- Fever or a bad taste in the mouth.
An untreated abscess can spread infection to surrounding tissues or even the bloodstream, making it a serious medical emergency. If you suspect an abscess, contact your dentist immediately. Treatment may include draining the infection, antibiotics, or a root canal to save the tooth.
2. Impacted Wisdom Teeth
When wisdom teeth don’t have enough room to emerge properly, they can become impacted, pressing against other teeth or the jawbone. This often causes deep, radiating pain in the jaw or sides of the face.
You might also experience:
- Swollen gums or jaw stiffness.
- Difficulty opening your mouth.
- Pain that worsens while chewing.
If the impacted tooth becomes infected or inflamed, the discomfort can quickly intensify. Your dentist may recommend extraction to relieve pressure and prevent further complications.
3. Severe Tooth Fracture or Break
A broken or cracked tooth can expose the sensitive inner layers of your tooth, triggering sharp, severe pain that can extend into the jaw or face. This type of injury can result from biting something hard, a fall, or an accident.
If the fracture reaches the nerve, you may also notice sensitivity to temperature, swelling, or bleeding. Broken teeth can’t heal on their own, so it’s crucial to see a dentist as soon as possible. Depending on the damage, treatment may involve bonding, a crown, or a root canal.
4. Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) Disorder Flare-Up
The TMJ, which connects your jaw to your skull, plays a crucial role in chewing and speaking. When it becomes strained, injured, or inflamed, it can lead to intense jaw and facial pain, often mistaken for a toothache.
Common symptoms include:
- Clicking or popping sounds when opening your mouth.
- Pain near the ears or temples.
- Headaches or stiffness in the jaw.
TMJ pain can flare up suddenly, especially during stressful times or after dental trauma. A dentist familiar with TMJ disorders can recommend treatments such as bite guards, stress management, or physical therapy.
5. Sinus-Related Tooth Pain
Sometimes, facial pain is tied to sinus infections rather than direct dental issues—but the symptoms can feel almost identical. The upper teeth, located near the sinuses, often ache when the sinuses become inflamed or filled with pressure.
If you notice discomfort in your upper jaw and cheeks, especially during a cold or sinus infection, talk to your dentist or physician. They can help determine whether the issue is dental or sinus-related and recommend appropriate care.
Facial pain should never be ignored—especially if it’s sharp, persistent, or accompanied by swelling or fever. Whether it’s an abscess, a broken tooth, or an impacted wisdom tooth, prompt dental treatment can prevent the problem from getting worse and bring fast relief. If you’re ever unsure about the cause of your pain, contact your dentist right away.
About the Author
Dr. Andrew Hale earned his dental degree from Case Western Reserve University, followed by serving as an active duty dental officer in the U.S. Air Force for 3 years. Over the course of his career, he has taken more than 300 hours of continuing education. Dr. Hale also stays up to date through his membership in the American Dental Association. Are you experiencing a dental emergency? Don’t delay – schedule an appointment online or call (802) 223-2244.